Ornamental qualities.  When I plant a new tree, I look for a species and variety that not only flowers in the spring, but also has attractive fruit or seeds that attract wildlife, good fall color and attractive bark for winter interest.  You may not be as particular as I, but when choosing your own tree it is important to research the bad characteristics as well as the good ones.  Some things to look for are a tendency to sucker (have basal or root sprouts), flowers or foliage with an unpleasant odor, thorns or spines, and fruit or seeds pods that can litter your yard and become a nuisance.

Available space. The location you choose for your tree should have enough space to allow for growth without severe pruning.  If you have utility wires or any other overhead obstacles you should limit your choices to low-growing species.  Avoid planting a tree with a large crown in a spot where it will eventually interfere with your visibility or come into contact with the side or roof of your home.   

Soil conditions.  Trees are very sensitive to the pH of the soil.  A good example would be growing sugar maples in Minnesota.  Because sugar maples like a soil that is slightly acid, they often become stressed when planted in our overly alkaline soil.  Ultimately, this can cause them to be more susceptible to pests and diseases.  A soil test will help you find a tree that will thrive in your particular soil’s pH.  Drainage is another important consideration.  If your yard is poorly drained, you must either choose a tree that tolerates a consistently wet soil or make some adjustments to the site. 

Shade tolerance.  It’s just common sense—don’t plant a sun-loving tree in a shady location—it won’t do well. 

Growth rate and longevity.  Be aware that it is usually a trade-off when you buy a tree that grows quickly.  Although you will have a mature tree more rapidly, most fast-growing trees are short-lived and have brittle, weak branches that are easily broken or damaged by storms. 

Water requirements.   If you don’t have an irrigation system or easy access to a water supply, you shouldn’t plant a species of tree that requires a moist soil (willows are one good example). The opposite is also true.  Don’t plant trees that have low water needs in heavily irrigated lawn areas or at the bottom of a slope where water collects.

Pest resistance.  Some tree species or cultivars are extremely susceptible to insect or disease pests, while others are relatively pest-free.  By choosing pest-resistant cultivars, you will save yourself a lot of time and money trying to do damage control later.

For more information on selecting the best trees for your landscape, see my article on Smaller Ornamental Trees.

Purchasing Trees Video
What to look for when selecting a tree to purchase at a garden center from Nebraska Extension.